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The Scottish government has revealed more details about its post-Brexit farm support policy, with consultants and policy experts sharing their insights on the recent update and their opinions on the changes.

While England is halfway through transitioning from EU farm support to a UK-based policy, the Scottish government is taking a more cautious but swift approach.

The delayed release of information has left farm businesses frustrated, with concerns raised by 95% of Scottish farmers and growers in Farmers Weekly’s 2024 Transition Project annual survey. However, MSPs have passed the Agriculture and Rural Communities (Scotland) Bill, which has now become law.

The Act outlines the framework for a future agricultural support system in Scotland that retains direct payments while increasing conditionality linked to environmental outcomes such as reducing emissions. However, details on funding are still pending, awaiting decisions from the new UK government and the upcoming Budget in October.

The schemes will be a continuation of existing support schemes without any sudden withdrawal of financial support. Based on the Scottish government’s vision for agriculture announced in 2022, the new schemes aim to promote emissions reduction, biodiversity enhancement, and sustainable food production.

The scheme consists of four tiers: Base, Enhanced, Elective, and Complementary. Each tier has specific requirements and targets related to sustainable farming practices, environmental protection, and animal welfare.

Farmers will need to meet cross-compliance rules and new conditionality requirements to qualify for payments. These requirements include tighter calving intervals, Whole Farm Plans, and additional conditions for peatlands and wetlands. Furthermore, farmers must adhere to the Fair Work First policy to ensure they are paying workers at least the real Living Wage.

As the scheme progresses, the requirements are expected to become more stringent, with additional measures such as a soil standard and Nutrient Management plans. Farmers are advised to start preparing for these changes by taking advantage of available funding for activities like soil testing, carbon audits, and biodiversity assessments.

Two transition farmers, Andrew McFadzean and Alan Steven, have shared their perspectives on the new payment system. While Andrew expects a smooth transition on his Ayrshire farm, he emphasizes the need for more detailed information and a stronger focus on incentivizing food production. Meanwhile, Alan urges the government to develop a flexible payment system that aligns with practical farming needs and addresses disparities in machinery markets between Scotland and England.

Overall, the Scottish government’s new farm support policy aims to promote sustainable farming practices, environmental conservation, and improved livelihoods for farmers. However, challenges and uncertainties remain as farmers prepare for the transition to the new system.

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